Theory of everything | IS THERE A FINAL THEORY OF EVERYTHING?| HOW CLOSE ARE WE? |

Is a Theory of Everything Really Possible?  Do we think this also exists? 

 If we look at the historical precedent, we can see that we have united completely disjoint forces and particles for a more basic set of principles.  For example, celestial gravity and terrestrial gravity were united by Isaac Newton.  Electricity and magnetism were united by James Clerk Maxwell.  All atoms are now thought to be composed of the same quark and electrons. 

 If a child asks you "Why is the sky blue?"  You can answer this because blue light is more in the air than other colors, and you see more scattered colors.  

What if she keeps asking why? "Why does the blue light spread more?" And why?  Repeatedly.  Eventually, you will have no answer.  A theory of everything allows us to answer all questions. 

What would a theory of everything look like?  At a minimum, it should provide a theoretical basis for at least two things - a fundamental building block or particle and a fundamental force.  

Atoms at one time were considered fundamental building blocks, then later discoveries showed that other particles in the standard model are fundamental.  Similarly, we do not currently have a single fundamental force.  Traditionally, we talk about 4.  Strong force, electromagnetism, weak force and gravity.  

Can forces be united?  If we follow a historical precedent, it is possible, because we have united forces in the past.  For example, we now know that electricity, magnetism, light and chemistry are actually manifestations of the same power - electromagnetism.  

But it was not clear in the past.  Universal gravity and electromagnetism were two great integrations of history.  more recently.  Quantum mechanics integrated atomic theory and Newtonian mechanics.  Mass and energy were integrated by special relativity in 1905 by Albert Einstein.  10 years later, space, time, and gravity were also integrated by Einstein by general relativity.  

In the 1940s, relativity, quantum mechanics, and electromagnetism, in particular, were mainly integrated with the theory of quantum electrodynamics by Dirac, Feynman, Schwinger, and Tomonaga.  Then in the 1960s, QED was integrated with the weak force, with the advent of the electroweak theory by Glashow, Salam, and Weinberg.

 And less than 50 years ago in the 70s, QCD or quantum chromodynamics was developed.  It describes the mechanism of strong nuclear force.  It is the force that captures quarks inside protons and neutrons, and glues them together into the nucleus of atoms.  

The biggest question in science is, how is the electroweak force related to the strong atomic force.  In other words, how are QED, weak force and QCD united?  The possible integration of these is named, grand unified theory, or GUT.  

If we could combine quantum mechanics and general relativity, we would have a theory of quantum gravity.  Finally, if we can combine grand integrative theory with quantum gravity, then we will have a strong candidate for the theory of everything.  

But our work will probably not happen because we will still need to explain what may have caused the big bang, what happened before the big bang, and why this is so much more the case than Antimatter.  There is also the question of what constitutes 96% of the universe - what is dark matter and dark energy?  

The most popular TOE is string theory, which states that all particles are fundamentally different vibrations of objects such as a single unit string.  

We experience these objects vibrating in 6–7 hidden dimensions as various fundamental particles of nature and force carriers. But there is a lesser known theory called quantum holonomy theory or QHT.  It states that nature is fundamentally the mathematics of moving things In an empty space.  

Some of its implications are that all forces are determined, but gravity is not.

There was no infinite hole inside the black hole, and the Big Bang could be nothing.  

This theory and how it fits with our current understanding of the universe will be the subject of In my next blog!

 Thank you for reading. Hope you like it, if you like it, then comment. 

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